1A. I think a good example of something exhibiting effective complexity is the structure of a tree. Trees grow in a random way, so no two trees are alike. In this sense they posses some randomness. That said, trees can be relied upon to grow in a fairly recognizable way; everyone can recognize the shape and structure of a tree when they see it. They are ordered in this regard. I think trees, among many natural things, perfectly straddle the line between chaos and order.
1B. The Problem of Locality, Code, and Malleability. This is philosophically an interesting problem, there are clear parallels between it and the mind-body problem. It is an important one as well, as it frames how we think of generative art. The dualist might argue that the art exists discretely from the code, that it exists in the place in which it is seen. The materialist might argue that the art is the code itself. I think to some degree both are correct; though the art is a function of the code, the code may have artistic properties and running it produces other artistic properties that cannot be experienced from just the code itself.